linux

How to check file sizes in a Linux terminal

· July 19, 2023 · linux, mac · , , , , , , , , , , , , , · No Comments

In Linux, you can use the ‘ls’ command with the ‘-l’ (long format) option to display detailed information about files, including their sizes. Here’s how you can do it.

Open a terminal and navigate to the directory where the file is located (if necessary). Then, run the following command.

ls -l <filename>

Replace ‘<filename>’ with the name of the file you want to check. For example, if you want to check the size of a file named “example.txt”, you would run:

ls -l example.txt

The command will display information about the file, including its size in bytes.

If you want to display the file size in a more human-readable format, you can use the ‘-h’ (human-readable) option along with the ‘-l’ option, like this:

ls -lh <filename>

This will display the file size in a format that is easier to understand, such as kilobytes, megabytes or gigabytes depending on the file size.

If you want to check the sizes of multiple files in a directory, you can use a wildcard character ‘*’ to specify a pattern. For example, to check the sizes of all files in the current directory, you can run:

ls -l *

This will display the detailed information for all files in the directory, including their sizes.

Please remember that the ‘ls’ command shows sizes of files and not directories, please check out my other article on showing directory sizes if you would like more information. Hint it’s the ‘du’ command.

Commands to get the size of a directory in Linux

· July 18, 2023 · linux, mac · , , , , , , , , , , , · No Comments

To get the size of directories in Linux, you can use the ‘du’ (disk usage) command. The ‘du’ command displays the disk usage of files and directories. By default, it shows the sizes of directories and their subdirectories recursively. Here’s how you can use it.

Open a terminal and navigate to the directory for which you want to check the size. Then, run the following command:

du -sh <directory>

You will want to replace <directory> with the name or path of the directory you want to check. For example, if you want to check the size of a directory named “myfolder”, you would run:

du -sh myfolder

The ‘-s” option is used to display only the total size of the specified directory, rather than showing the size of each individual file and subdirectory within it.

the ‘-h’ option is used to display the size in human-readable format, such as kilobytes (k), megabytes (M), or gigabytes (G) depending on the directory size.

The above command will output the total size of the directory, including all its contents.

Where is Wazuh Data Stored?

· July 7, 2023 · linux, Wazuh · , , , , , , , , , , · No Comments

The data for Wazuh, an open-source security monitoring platform, is typically stored in several locations on a Linux system, depending on the specific components and configurations used. Here are some common directories where Wazuh data may be stored:

Log Files:

Wazuh logs are usually stored in the ‘/var/log’ directory. Look for files related to Wazuh, such a ossec.log, ossec-alerts.log, or wazuh.log. The exact filenames may vary depending on your Wazuh version and configuration.

Configuration Files:

Wazuh configuration files are typically located in the /var/ossec/etc directory. Important files include ossec.conf, which contains the main configuration settings and XML files in the rules subdirectory which define the rules for log analysis and alerting.

Databases:

Wazuh may utilize databases to store certain data, such as alerts or agent information. By default, Wazuh users SQLite as the backend database and the database file is often found at /var/ossec/data/ossec.db. If you have configured Wazuh to use a different database management system, the data will be stored according to the settings for that specific database.

Agent Data:

If you have Wazuh agents deployed on your network, their local data is usually stored in the /var/ossec/queue directory. This directory contains buffered events and logs that are waiting to be forwarded to the Wazuh server for analysis.

Please remember that these are only typical defaults, they may differ if you have customized your Wazuh installation. Thanks again!

Removing a Directory in Linux

· June 19, 2023 · linux · , , , , , , , , , · No Comments

To remove a directory in Linux, you can use the rm command with the -r flag, which stands for “recursive.” This flag allows you to delete a directory and its contents. Here’s the command you can use:

rm -r directory_name

Replace directory_name with the actual name of the directory you want to remove.

Please exercise caution when using the rm command with the -r flag, as it permanently deletes files and directories. Make sure you double-check the directory you want to delete before executing the command.

The different rm command options include:

  • -f: Forces the removal of all files and directories.
  • -i: Prompts for confirmation before removing.
  • -I: Prompts once before removing more then three files or when removing recursively.
  • -r: Removes directories and their content recursively.
  • -d: Removes empty directories.
  • -v: Provides a verbose output.
  • –help: Displays the help text.
  • –version: Displays the command version.

I hope this helps someone, have a wonderful afternoon.

Using Groups in Linux

· June 4, 2020 · linux · , , , · No Comments

Alright, so as I wanted to post some basic group commands in Linux. Since it’s not an operating system I use full time I have a hard time remembering little things; so I figured I’d create a little post.

Now let’s open a terminal and have some fun.

Adding a Existing User Account to a Group….

sudo usermod -a -G yourgroup yourusername

Add a New Group

sudo groupadd thenewgroup

Viewing the Groups a User Account is a Member of

groups

or if you want numerical ID’s associated with your groups

id

Creating a New User and Assigning him/her to a Existing Group

sudo useradd -G groupname username

Adding a User to Multiple Groups

usermod -a -G grp1,grp2,grp3 username

Viewing All Groups on your System

getent group

 

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